Sains Malaysiana 53(9)(2024): 2071-2083

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2024-5309-05

Hubungan Mikroplastik dan Kualiti Air di Sungai Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia

(Relationship between Microplastics and Water Quality in Sungai Melaka, Melaka, Malaysia)

MOHAMAD HAFIZ ABDUL HALIM¹, HARITH ABDUL ADZIM ISMAIL¹, LAILA ZULAIFAH ZULKIPLI^1, SHAMSURI ABDUL MANAN³, MASNI MOHD ALI¹ & KHAIRIATUL MARDIANA JANSAR^1,2,*

¹Jabatan Sains Bumi dan Alam Sekitar, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

²Pusat Penyelidikan dan Analisis Air, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

³Jabatan Alam Sekitar, Tingkat 12-14, Wisma Sunwaymas, Jalan Tengku Ampuan Zabedah C9/C, Seksyen 9, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

Diserahkan: 2 Mei 2024/Diterima: 5 Julai 2024

Abstrak

Sungai Melaka adalah sumber pendapatan utama bagi masyarakat di negeri Melaka telah tercemar oleh mikroplastik. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kelimpahan dan ciri mikroplastik yang dijumpai di dalam sampel air daripada 9 stesen pensampelan di sepanjang Sungai Melaka. Kualiti air dan perhubungan antara mikroplastik dengan sifat fizikokimia kualiti air juga dianalisis dalam kajian ini. Purata kelimpahan mikroplastik di Sungai Melaka adalah 569 zarah L^-1. Mikroplastik warna hitam dan bentuk serpihan merupakan ciri-ciri mikroplastik yang dominan. Poliamida (PA) dan polietilena tereftalat (PET)  adalah jenis polimer yang banyak dijumpai di dalam semua sampel air. Jumlah pepejal terampai (TSS) ditemui sebagai parameter yang mempunyai pengaruh terhadap mikroplastik gentian di Sungai Melaka. Secara keseluruhan, keputusan ini memberi maklumat terkini mengenai pencemaran mikroplastik di Sungai Melaka dan menyediakan data penting untuk penyelidikan lanjut mengenai mikroplastik dalam ekosistem air tawar.

Kata kunci: Air sungai; Analisis Komponen Utama; ciri fizikokimia; mikroplastik

Abstract

Sungai Melaka, which serves as a primary source of income for communities in the state of Melaka, has been contaminated by microplastics. This study investigated the abundance and characteristics of microplastics found in water samples from 9 sampling stations along Sungai Melaka. Water quality and the relationship between microplastics and the physicochemical properties of water quality were also analysed in this study. The average abundance of microplastics in Sungai Melaka is 569 particles L^-1. Black-coloured microplastics and fragment shapes are the dominant characteristics of microplastics. Polyamide (PA) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are the most common polymer types found in all water samples. Total suspended solids (TSS) were identified as a parameter that influences microplastic fibres in Sungai Melaka. Overall, these results provide current information on microplastic pollution in Sungai Melaka and offer important data for further research on microplastics in freshwater ecosystems.

Keywords: Microplastics; physicochemical properties; Principal Component Analysis; river water

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: mardiana@ukm.edu.my